One of my biggest complaints about Black History Month is how the same stories and figures seem to be continually rehashed year after year after year without any deeper investigation of other historic figures and events that need to be highlighted. Every year, names like Malcolm, Martin, Rosa, and Harriet are constantly praised (as they should be), yet names like Marcus, Ida, and Fannie Lou are relegated to perpetual obscurity. The great Jackie Robinson may be the greatest example of this problem. Most people erroneously believe Robinson was the first Black man to integrate a professional sport, when he played for the Brooklyn Dodgers in 1947. However, there were other great Black athletes who effectively kicked down the doors of racist organizations, that did their best to keep African-Americans out, before Robinson and after.
Here are the lesser known Black athletes who broke color barriers …
Charlie Sifford: The first Black golfer on the PGA TOUR
In 1961, when he was 38 years old, Charlie Sifford did the unthinkable. He integrated the great, white American pastime of golf, with the polarizing Civil Rights Movement as a backdrop. The interesting thing about golf is that, unlike team sports, its individuality really enforces a me-against-the-world mentality, which could be even more suffocating when you are facing a level of hatred and prejudice no one else on the tour is even aware of or affected by. Sifford faced the slings, the barbs, and the arrows, yet triumphed. He won two PGA TOUR events. Sifford was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in November.
The great Charlie Sifford passed away on Tuesday. He was 92.
Wendell Scott: The first Black driver in NASCAR
The color barrier that Wendell Scott broke is highly under appreciated by many Black folks because of our cultural disconnect with the racing culture. However, when you really think about what he faced, you have no choice but to gain a new level of respect for this man. Think about the violent, in-game prejudice that Jackie Robinson faced (i.e. pitchers throwing at his head, base runners sliding high and cleats up, etc.) now try and extrapolate that behavior to a race course. Now, that sounds scary. Scott frequently encountered racist drivers who attempted to wreck him at high speeds because they didn’t appreciate his attempts at integrating NASCAR. But, despite their efforts, he became the first African-American to win a race in the Grand National Series, which is now known as the Sprint Cup.
Willie O’Ree: The first Black player in the NHL
Although Willie O’Ree is a Canadian born in Fredicton, New Brunswick, he was the first Black man to play in the NHL, which took him to cities all over North America. O’Ree constantly had to absorb racist comments from fans and competitors alike. But what made him stand apart was how little he let those remarks affect his play on the ice. Oh, and he did all of this while being 95 percent blind in his right eye.
Fritz Pollard: The first Black head coach in the NFL
After leaving an astonishing legacy as an All-American running back at Brown University, Fritz Pollard was recruited to play for the Akron Pros, a team in the American Professional Football Association, which became the National Football League a year later, in 1921. The team went undefeated thanks to Pollard and Bobby Marshall, both of whom are recognized as the African-Americans who broke the color barrier as players in professional football. But what makes Pollard so special is that he also doubled as head coach while playing, becoming the first-ever Black head coach in NFL history. We wouldn’t see another Black head coach in the league until the Los Angeles Raiders owner Al Davis hired Art Shell in 1989.
Alice Coachman: The first Black woman to win an Olympic Gold Medal
Since we so often attribute sports with masculinity, we often ignore the amazing contributions by women and overlook the barriers that Black women had to overcome in pursuit of their own dreams. Alice Coachman, who became the first Black woman to win an Olympic Gold medal, stepped into history during the 1948 Olympics in London when she dominated the field in the high jump. But here’s the really crazy part: Coachman had been dominant since 1939, and due to the Olympic games being cancelled in 1940 and 1944 due to World War II, many analysts believe she could have definitely brought home golds in both of those events and gone down in history as one of the greatest American Olympic athletes ever.
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Lincoln Anthony Blades blogs daily on his site ThisIsYourConscience.com, he’s an author of the book “You’re Not A Victim, You’re A Volunteer” and a weekly contributor for UPTOWN Magazine. He can be reached via Twitter @lincolnablades and on Facebook at This Is Your Conscience.